On 9 September, Apple introduced its latest lineup, including iPhone 17 seriesMost attention went to a new ultra-row model and a bright orange option (not dissatisfied in a shade IEEE spectrum Logo). The new smartphones will also ship with the latest operating system and its “liquid glass” software design – but these phones have liquid software beyond.
iPhone 17 Pro and iPhone 17 Pro Max To help spread heat, place thin, hematically sealed chambers with a drop of water inside that cycle between liquid and gas. Called the vapor chambers, the cooling system is becoming more common in the target for high performance in smartphones. Some high-end Samsung Galaxy And Google Pixel The model, among others, has introduced the Vapor Chamber Cooling over the years. Now, Apple is following his leadership.
“Folding small portables such as phones should focus on spreading heat widely to the surface of the device, especially with focus on heat-generating components such as chip,” Kenneth GoodsonA professor of mechanical engineering at Stanford who specializes in heat transfer and energy conversion. To cool those warm places, the industry is moving towards vapor chambers and other phase change technology.
How to keep the vapor room cool
The standard approach for cooling smartphones has used a solid, highly conductive plate made of copper -like material to spread heat. This approach depends on a surface where heat can spread. Sometimes, wings are added to expand that surface, but this can lead to a thick device. Most companies, however, are with the intention of making thin and thin phones.
Phase Change Technology – which has been used in laptops for decades, Goodson notes – the same target is more effectively achieved with fluids that boil and condensed to spread heat. These two-step solutions include vapor chambers, such as used in the new iPhone, as well as narrow, finger-like structures are also called heat pipes.
There is a limited amount to work with the phone, and “Performance is important,” says Victor ChiriyakCEO and co-founder of the Global Cooling Technology Group located in Phoenix. Thin and wide vapor chambers have high heat removal ability and provide an effective solution. The cycle between liquid and vapor is “a powerful mechanism to absorb heat,” they say.
Apple’s vapor chamber efficiently spreads heat to the phone’s body.Apple
In the version of the Apple, a small amount of water is sealed in the chamber. The water evaporates near the heat sources, then returns to a liquid when the heat spreads to the aluminum body around the phone. Water is often used in vapor chambers, although sometimes other ingredients are mixed so that it avoids the cold and cracking the seal.
Vapor Room Facial Facial Challenges
As Apple, Samsung, and others push the boundaries of how thin phones can be found, the manufacturer of vapor chambers can become a challenge. While solids can be easily shaved, these chambers require enough space for coolant to travel through channels. The chambers have to be completely sealed to work properly, and the more you dilute, the less space you have for that secret chutney, “says Chiriyak.
It comes down to physics: “A big challenge in small devices such as phones is that as you reduce the thickness of a vapor chamber, fluid physics aggressively withdraws its performance relative to copper and other solid heat conductors,” Goodson explains. (This is a problem with researchers, Their studentsWorking to address with new microstructure.) Plus is expensive for vapor room construction.
Nevertheless, Apple and other companies have decided to invest in this technique for their most powerful phone models. Gudson suspects that part of that decision is to take advantage of the “Wow” factor. But, they say, “Over time this approach will probably become an industry standard.”
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